US President Donald Trump has said that he has requested Prime Minister Narendra Modi to release the amount of Hydroxychloroquine ordered by the United States after India last month banned the drugs for exports.

Trump said that he spoke to Prime Minister Modi on Saturday morning and made a request to release Hydroxychloroquine for the US.

“I called Prime Minister Modi of India this morning. They make large amounts of Hydroxychloroquine. India is giving it serious consideration,” Trump said at his daily news conference at the White House on Saturday.

India’s Directorate General of Foreign Trade on March 25 banned the export of Hydroxychloroquine but said that certain shipments on humanitarian grounds may be allowed on a case-by-case basis.

Hydroxychloroquine is a prescription drug. It comes as an oral tablet.

Hydroxychloroquine is available as the brand-name drug Plaquenil. It’s also available in a generic version. Generic drugs usually cost less than the brand-name version. In some cases, they may not be available in every strength or form as the brand-name drug.

Hydroxychloroquine may be used as part of combination therapy. That means you may need to take it with other drugs.

Hydroxychloroquine is an antimalarial drug. It treats malaria by killing the parasites that cause the disease.

It isn’t fully understood how this drug works to treat lupus erythematosus or rheumatoid arthritis. However, it’s believed that this drug affects how your immune system works, which may be a benefit in lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis.

The initial results from a placebo-controlled trial of hydroxychloroquine for COVID-19 indicate that patients hospitalized with mild illness recovered more quickly with addition of the drug than with placebo at the start of a standard treatment. The results also suggest that hydroxychloroquine might convey some protection against the illness worsening.

Excitement around hydroxychloroquine for treating COVID-19 causes challenges for rheumatology : The Lancet

Excitement about a potential new treatment for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic currently engulfing the world is causing problems for patients with arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), who routinely use the drug to control their symptoms.

The antimalarial drug chloroquine and its safer derivative hydroxychloroquine have been used since the 1940s to treat autoimmune disorders, says Thomas Dörner, a rheumatologist at the Charité University Hospital in Berlin. Though the drug is rarely used for rheumatoid arthritis, around two-thirds of patients with SLE in Europe use hydroxychloroquine to manage their symptoms, and it is the only known therapy so far for primary Sjögren’s syndrome, he says.

But the drug has also attracted attention over the past few decades as a potential antiviral agent, currently as a possible treatment for the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that causes COVID-19. Reports from China found that chloroquine could inhibit SARS-CoV-2 in vitro, and showed apparent efficacy in treating COVID-19 in humans. A small non-randomised trial in France also found hydroxychloroquine to be a promising potential treatment.

The findings have prompted many, including US President Donald Trump, to tout hydroxychloroquine as a game-changer in the fight against COVID-19. The US Food and Drug Administration has designated hydroxychloroquine for off-label, compassionate use for treating COVID-19, and WHO added the drug to its large global SOLIDARITY trial to test a variety of potential treatments. But virologists and infectious disease experts caution that the excitement is premature.

“Whether hydroxychloroquine works in vivo is not proven for any virus, and in fact in randomised controlled trials against a number of viruses, including influenza, it doesn’t work at all,” says Douglas Richman, a virologist and infectious disease physician at the University of California, San Diego. “It’s my personal prejudice that this is also going to be the case with coronavirus.”

Hydroxychloroquine has been studied as a possible antiviral for approximately the past 40 years, says Richman. The mechanism of action is not entirely clear, but it is known to decrease the acidity in endosomes, which might prevent the endosome from releasing the virus into the cytoplasm.

Hydroxychloroquine has shown activity in vitro against many viruses, including influenza and coronaviruses, but that has largely failed to translate into success in either animals or humans. In 2005, the drug showed in vitro activity against SARS-CoV, which is closely related to the current pandemic virus, but it failed to decrease viral load in mice, and clinical interest drifted away, says Christopher Tignanelli, a surgeon at the University of Minnesota in Minneapolis, who is involved in clinical trials of COVID-19 treatments.

“There is not a huge amount of pre-clinical data for this drug,” says Tignanelli. “It’s mostly test-tube and anecdote.”

Despite the absence of strong evidence, some people are already attempting to self-medicate with the drug, with disastrous consequences. Hydroxychloroquine can have dangerous side-effects if the dose is not carefully controlled, and cases of chloroquine poisoning have been reported in Nigeria and the USA.

Additionally, the sudden interest in hydroxychloroquine has led to reports of shortages for patients who rely on the drug to treat their autoimmune disease. Kaiser Permanente, a major health-care network in the USA, is no longer filling routine prescriptions for chloroquine.

“It’s a challenge for us and for our patients,” says Dörner. “When I write a prescription now, I tell my patients that they might need to go to several pharmacies before they get it filled.”

The Lupus Foundation of America has called on drug manufacturers to increase the production of hydroxychloroquine, to ensure that patients with SLE who need the medication will still be able to access it while it is being investigated for COVID-19. “For many people with lupus there are no alternatives to these medications,” the Foundation said in a statement.

Although the existing evidence is thin, it is promising enough to warrant further study, says David Boulware, an infectious disease physician at the University of Minnesota in Minneapolis. “When someone is sick in hospital, we throw the kitchen sink at them, but we don’t always know if it works,” he says. “That’s why we need clinical trials.”

Boulware is leading a trial to investigate whether hydroxychloroquine could be efficacious as a post-exposure prophylactic to prevent the development of the disease, and to prevent progression of the disease to avoid admission to hospital. The trial (NCT04308668) has already enrolled around 25% of its subjects. Initial results are expected within 3–4 weeks.

Though he is skeptical of its efficacy, Richman fully supports further research to establish whether hydroxychloroquine is a good option for treating COVID-19. “It’s imperative that good RCTs are implemented to get answers one way or another,” he says.

When Upendra Rana, a regular MCA from IME College, Sahibabad, entered the job market, he worked for two straight months without receiving any stipend. No payment for all the hard work that he did during those 60 days. That changed Upendra’s outlook on the job market and he wanted to do something for beginners in the field. That is when he was inspired to write a book for professional students and ended up writing 10 books to inspire millions of youth in the world.

Before this realization dawned upon Upendra, he was a regular middle-class guy who was content with his share of dreams & ups and downs that life subjected him to. Charged up about doing something in the IT industry, he pursued first BCA, then MCA from a college in Sahibabad. Then he joined the job market to work in SEO & SMO specializations. Today, with more than 4 years of experience behind him, he has become the first Indian writer to write books on SEO. His books are sold online on Amazon, Flipkart, Snapdeal besides prominent bookstores like Barnes & Noble. The e-books of his are also sold on Google Play Store and Apple iBookstore.

The only condition that Upendra put upon himself, while writing, was that no professional student should feel lost on entering the job market like he was. So far, his book titles include – Techniques of SEO-2015, Link Building – Do’s and Don’ts, Tactics of SEO, Latest Guide for Social Media Marketing, Digital Marketing Strategies – Do’s and Don’ts and How to Get Rank in Mobile?” His latest book is Step By Step Guide To SEO.

He is thankful to his parents and his extended family for providing him with the right opportunities for education. He considers his father his role model. 

With SEO and SMO being two important fields of specialization for beginners in the IT industry and the right step for a company to become visible on Google, Upendra’s books are the correct information tools for beginners to arm themselves with.

“Two months ago we established a travel startup company called Triporey ( Triporey.com ) in Hyderabad but due to the sudden outbreak of corona pandemic, all the Trip Bookings got canceled. We stopped our company operation until the situation gets under control.”
Ankur Srivastava and Malleshwar Rao,(Co-Founders of the company) share a bond of friendship for more than five years. They met in a social event and since then they partnered in organizing many events before setting up their first company. 
Triporey is a social travel platform where people can meet discover, collaborate, engage and plan their trips.  The USP of Triporey is to promote and untapped the market potential of cultural trips be it yoga or spiritual tourism. “Cultural and Spiritual tourism is certainly going to be more popular in coming days “ – Said Malleshwar Rao
“With no work currently, we thought of giving our time for social cause and we started a campaign Fight Against Corona in collaboration with FoodIndia.org (a Hyderabad based Social Service Group)” said Ankur Srivastava
The motive of this campaign is to create and promote awareness on safety precautions to prevent Corona Virus and to provide food & necessary items like a mask, soap, etc in the slums to the poor people in the time when Janata curfew and lockdown are currently in force due to Corona. In a country like India where people go for daily wage jobs and run small self-employment jobs, it is a difficult time to cope up with the situation as they can’t make any money and still maintaining the household would be a real struggle. They have certainly put forth their hand with this campaign in helping the poor as much. 

Many times they prepare food in their own home, pack and distribute it among the poor with the help of many like-minded friends like Paramanand. When you have the intention to help, you can help no matter how small it still counts- Said Malleshwar Rao

They are hoping the situation will be under control soon and people will start coming out from their home and the happy days will be back. However, they pledge to do the social service even after as it gives a sense of happiness and joy in helping poor people, seeing a smile on their faces.

The impact of the current COVID 19 pandemic on multiple industries is being noticed across the world. In the time of social distancing and home quarantine, travel and hospitality are among the worst impacted sectors! The hospitality industry is highly dependent on tourism which has borne the brunt of the current situation. This has led to multiple cancellations of room bookings, occasion celebration, and even general dining, greatly impacting their revenues and raising concerns of possible layoffs post the pandemic crisis.

Private Lifestyle clubs, which offer F&B, activities and event venues, are mostly dependent on members and guests for revenue generation. The current lockdown has impacted not only the footfalls but also the rising cost of maintaining the expensive infrastructure without actual revenues coming in. It has also adversely impacted the members’ lifestyles, who were used to a routine of working out or spending leisure time at the club.

However, once normalcy resumes, club members might want to resume their daily routine and may even do so more enthusiastically than ever. This could primarily be so in case of using the gym and working out, so as to get back in shape and make up for lost time and also to get back to socializing – one of the greatest deprivation in the lockdown. In order to address this influx, clubs would have to be prepared with the following measures:

The clubs will have to ensure

–       the club building and facilities are sanitized and there are clear visual indicators of the same to reassure the members of the safety and reiterate the management’s focus on the members’ health and well-being

–       they are ready to service their members like never before as they would be visiting the club after a long hiatus and thus need to have a great experience to keep their loyalty intact

–       ensure there is no downtime of any of the facilities as the tolerance levels for the same might be quite low. The members would be raring to use all the facilities available to the same extent as during normalcy or even more

During this downtime, it is also essential to continue to work on brand recall and maintain contact with patrons by sending out e-mailers and through a digital medium with social awareness messages and informing them about the efforts were taken up by the club. This would help brands to a) resume operations on a high note post the hiatus, and b) have adequate prospective sales in the pipeline to be able to weather the losses incurred.

Digital media is a big boon in the current situation, allowing businesses to stay in touch with their current consumers and lure in prospective customers too as most people are currently resorting to digital media for information and entertainment. Those businesses that can effectively use the same would definitely be able to reap its benefits in the near future once we approach normalcy!

As the markets and the economy finally come back to normalcy, hospitality, travel and private clubs will play an essential role in bringing people back together and share the sense of solidarity in these times of collective grief.

The Author General Manager The Acres Lifestyle Club & The Fern Residency

We live in an era, where having mobile phones, using social networking websites is no more considered a luxury, rather it has become a basic necessity, an integral part of people’s life. With the revolution in electronic and communication technology, the data and call facility is an affordable affair for major strata of society. 

Now is it very easy to send a message from one corner of the world to another? It is just a matter of a click and one can send photos, videos and other documents in a zippy manner. All these have made our lives easy, we can interact with friends or colleagues, have meetings, conferences with people in different parts of the world without the boundation of time or space.

But as we know that a coin has two faces, applying this here, when we flip the coin and look at the other side of the story, the ease of communication is also creating a menace. As said, it is very easy to spread any information from one corner to another corner, from one device to another device, it also makes job of miscreants stress free who misuse this technology to spread hatred among the masses by sending wrong information. 

It is a general human tendency, we believe what we see or hear something coming from a trustworthy source; friend, relative or an influencer, then we trust without verifying the authenticity. Time and again it has been proved that it takes a very small span of time to make a message viral, it spreads like a wild forest fire. This is becoming a big problem for the law enforcing agencies as it is very difficult to find out the exact origin of such messages. 

Legal provisions

The Constitution of India under article 19(1) guarantees to every citizen the freedom of speech and expression where if we interpret this article in a wider perspective, it also includes giving views comments on social media platforms and spreading information. But it is also true that this right comes with an exception under article 19(2), where the State can make reasonable restriction on the exercise of this right in the interest of public policy, decency, morality, contempt of court, defamation or incitement to an offence. It is very clear from the article that the State has the power and the authority to make laws restricting the freedom of speech and expression. 

For handling cases relating to broadcasting messages spreading hatred among the masses, section 153A of the Indian Penal code could be applied which provides punishment for promoting enmity between two different groups on the basis of religion, race, language by means of words, signs gestures. Further the application of Section 66A of the information technology is pertinent to note here which provides for punishment for upto three years with fine, for sending offensive messages, messages which the sender knows to be false. 

Section 88A of the Indian Evidence Act which talks about the presumptions as to electronic messages also explains that the Court shall not hold any presumption as to who has sent the message, but the Court may presume that the message which is forwarded is what was fed into the computer. 

Way Forward

The United Nations, Universal Declaration of Human rights defines right to freedom of speech under article 19 in these words, “Everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression; this right includes freedom to hold opinions without interference and to seek, receive and impart information and ideas through any media and regardless of frontiers.” 

Reading the Fundamental right of speech and expression in the Constitution of India and the above provisions of the UDHR, it becomes clear that it is a fundamental right of a person to hold opinions, express his views and opinions, but at the same time it is also necessary to put some restrictions so that it does not encroach on the rights of another person. It has been very aptly said where my right starts your freedom ends. 

The issue of spreading wrong information is increasing at an alarming rate. People knowingly or unknowingly circulate messages which may have an effect on disturbing the law and order situation. It is high time India should come up with a law to tackle this issue. There are few issues for consideration while a law for this effect is drafted: –

1. At the outset it would be very important to understand the origin of this information, which is a task for the law enforcing agencies.
2. The issue of intention would play a prominent role here. It would be difficult to understand and monitor as to what was the intention of the person while sending/forwarding the message.
3. It has to be carefully understood, which information, the persons disseminate while having the knowledge that the information is false.
4. A same punishment cannot be set for sending such messages because one message can have an effect of mere argument, another message can be a defaming to any or a message can also have an effect of misbalancing a law and order situation. A different punishment has to be there for these offences taking in account the gravity of it.  

It is now for everyone to understand and be responsible in how, when and which messages should be transmitted. Also it is the duty of every person to understand the impact one forward message can make.

The Author is a Lawyer and Law Faculty at Ansal University

The unfolding COVID-19 pandemic is so far having little impact on the global food supply chain, but that could change for the worse – and soon – if anxiety-driven panic by major food importers takes hold, the World Food Programme (WFP) warned on Friday.

In a new report, Â“COVID-19: Potential impact on the world’s poorest people: A WFP analysis of the economic and food security implications of the pandemic”, the UN agency said that global markets for basic cereals are well-supplied and prices generally low.

However, it said, given the highly globalized nature of food production and supply, commodities need to move from the world’s ‘breadbaskets’ to where they are consumed – and COVID-19-related containment measures are starting to make this more challenging.

“Disruptions are so far minimal; the food supply is adequate, and markets are relatively stable,” said WFP Senior Spokesperson, Elisabeth Byers, noting that global cereal stocks are at comfortable levels and the outlook for wheat and other staple crops is positive for the rest of this year.

“But we may soon expect to see disruptions in food supply chains”, she said, explaining that if big importers lose confidence in the reliable flow of basic food commodities, panic buying could ensue, driving prices up.

‘Behavioural change’ could rock markets

Elaborating, a seasoned grain market analyst at the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), quoted anonymously in the report, said the problem is not supply, but “a behavioral change over food security”.

“What if bulk buyers think they can’t get wheat or rice shipments in May or June?  That is what could lead to a global food supply crisis,” the analyst said.

For low-income countries, the consequences could be devastating, with long-term repercussions, with coping strategies coming at the expense of such essential services as health and education.

It recalled that when a food price crisis struck in 2008, the world’s poorest households – which typically spend the largest share of income on food – suffered disproportionately.

Using the economic pillar of the Proteus food security index – and taking into account dependency on primary commodities such as fuel, ores and metals for export earnings – the report said that countries in Africa and the Middle East are most vulnerable.

Africa most vulnerable

Africa accounts for the majority of the almost 212 million people in the world who are chronically food insecure and the 95 million who live amidst acute food insecurity, the report noted.

Ms. Byers added that labour shortages could disrupt the production and processing of labour-intensive crops in particularly, especially in vulnerable countries in sub-Saharan Africa.

Other potential sources of disruption include blockages along transport routes – a particular concern for fresh produce – and quarantine measures that could impede farmers’ access to markets, he explained.

Going forward, the WFP report said that it is essential to monitor food prices and markets, and to transparently disseminate information – thus helping to strengthen government policies while also averting public panic, and social unrest.

It added that in places where food insecurity is caused by restricted access, rather than lack of availability, cash-based transfers – which can often be made through contactless solutions – should be considered as a standard response.

“Planning in-kind food assistance is essential”, the report continued, noting that supply chain disruptions are likely to affect higher-value items first.  Such items involve more tiers of suppliers, human interaction and dependency on few suppliers – putting specialized nutritious food more at risk than staples.

‘Ojass the superhero of Shyamavali’ is a trending new book, released by renowned Indian author Swapnil Saurav and published by Ekapress Publishers, Hyderabad.
Since  2018, there has been an influx in independent authors, making it hard for a new publication to get noticed and easy for them to get lost in the sea of independent publications. Introducing ‘Ojass the Superhero of Shyamavali’, a new publication by popular Indian author Swapnil Saurav, has been making waves on social media – reaching its audience in India and more recently in the US due to the huge success of a recent event surrounding the release of the book.
The book release event was held, by Swapnil Saurav, on the 27th of January 2020 at the Replay Social Cafe, Hyderabad.  The occasion was graced by the presence of special guests Shri Dayanath Jha, Dr Surya Kaladhar and Shri Chandra Mohan Karn. The success of the event and the presence of such distinguished guests garnered mass support for the release of the book, both locally and online across social media, even causing the release of the book to gain viral status online. The event was anchored by Pooja Desai, with Arun Kumar being the keynote speaker, who spoke about the importance of reading books especially for kids. Other speakers attending the event were distinguished writers Manoj Shandilya, Meenakshi Choudhary and Devika Das. They praised the author’s work and reverberated a common emotion that “writing books for kids is no kids play”. Gunjan Shri read a chapter from the Maithili version of the book. Mahboob Hussain gave the vote of thanks and author Swapnil spoke about how his son Ojass inspired him to write the book. There were various performances by kids scheduled at the event. Ritisha and Manya rendered classical songs and Devesh performed a dance. Magician Sreenivas entertained the audience with his show, much to the glee of all the kids present. The event concluded with a very special dinner.
Author Swapnil Saurav has recently been gaining much notoriety and a modest following on social media due to the success of the event and following the release of his new book. ‘Ojass the superhero of Shyamavali’ itself,  has been gaining likes and shares all over social media due to its inspiring nature. It has been a hit with international audiences as well and has led to the book being translated into several different languages such as Hindi, Maithili, Telugu, French, Portuguese and Chinese, apart from the original version in English 
Be sure to keep up to date with trending author Swapnil Saurav on his various social media accounts as he pens new words to inspire us all as we progress into the year 2020, a year of positivity and inspiration.
The Book ‘Ojass the Superhero of Shyamavali’ is now available for purchase via all major digital book distribution outlets, including Amazon.
ASSOCIATED SITES:www.amazon.com/author/swapnil
MEDIA CONTACT:www.ekapress.org

Born and brought up in India, Abhishek is a model who thrives in the race of Fashion & Fitness Modeling and has created a landmark in these fields with his zeal to put cent percent in every work, and his scrupulous actions make it all look perfect. 

Forthwith, residing in London, He’s someone your eyes wouldn’t miss! When it comes to looks, he’s all ravishing and striking on his front and his appalling body fitness is something many looks up to as their role model. 

He’s also a Super Cars fanatic and finds thrill in driving. 

With his extra-ordinary photogenic physique and pictures, he has done commendable work in the field of modeling. More than that, he clicks his photographs that tell us about the excellent capable photographer that he is. And, not just stills, Abhishek has a knack for filming as well. 

He dreams of working on a ‘fitness plan’ that helps people achieve their body goals and shift to a healthier lifestyle at a reasonable price. 

Apart from Fashion & Fitness, Abhishek is also a Watch Model which is very much prevailing from his marvelous pictures. 

Being an advocate of a healthy lifestyle, Abhishek puts his heart in cooking his meals that are healthy and adds to his lifestyle. And, his areas of interest just don’t end here. He’s a gymnast who is super flexible and plays football at National Level in India.  Heart of a wild child, he’s someone very venturesome and ready to experience daredevil sports at absolutely any time of the year. 

Moreover, not just talent & skills, Abhishek likes to perform social service at NGO’s in his free time, back in his hometown. He’s someone who inspires people on a day to day basis, be it fitness, photography, a healthy lifestyle, or just keeping up with morals. 

He’s a perfectionist who’s a believer of the philosophy that this world is his empty canvas.

With much of the U.S. in shutdown mode to limit the spread of the Covid-19 disease, a debate has sprung up about when the country might “reopen” commerce, to limit economic fallout from the pandemic. But as a new study co-authored by an MIT economist shows, taking care of public health first is precisely what generates a stronger economic rebound later.

The study, using data from the flu pandemic that swept the U.S. in 1918-1919, finds cities that acted more emphatically to limit social and civic interactions had more economic growth following the period of restrictions.

Indeed, cities that implemented social-distancing and other public health interventions just 10 days earlier than their counterparts saw a 5 percent relative increase in manufacturing employment after the pandemic ended, through 1923. Similarly, an extra 50 days of social distancing was worth a 6.5 percent increase in manufacturing employment, in a given city.

“We find no evidence that cities that acted more aggressively in public health terms performed worse in economic terms,” says Emil Verner, an assistant professor in the MIT Sloan School of Management and co-author of a new paper detailing the findings. “If anything, the cities that acted more aggressively performed better.”

With that in mind, he observes, the idea of a “trade-off” between public health and economic activity does not hold up to scrutiny; places that are harder hit by a pandemic are unlikely to rebuild their economic capacities as quickly, compared to areas that are more intact.

“It casts doubt on the idea there is a trade-off between addressing the impact of the virus, on the one hand, and economic activity, on the other hand, because the pandemic itself is so destructive for the economy,” Verner says.

The study, “Pandemics Depress the Economy, Public Health Interventions Do Not: Evidence from the 1918 Flu,” was posted to the Social Science Research Network as a working paper on March 26. In addition to Verner, the co-authors are Sergio Correia, an economist with the U.S. Federal Reserve, and Stephen Luck, an economist with the Federal Reserve Bank of New York.

Evaluating economic consequences

To conduct the research, the three scholars examined mortality statistics from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control (CDC), historical economic data from the U.S. Census Bureau, and banking statistics compiled by finance economist Mark D. Flood, using the “Annual Reports of the Comptroller of Currency,” a government publication.

As Verner notes, the researchers were motivated to investigate the 1918-1919 flu pandemic to see what lessons from it might be applicable to the current crisis.

“The genesis of the study is that we’re interested in what the expected economic impacts of today’s coronavirus are going to be, and what is the right way to think about the economic consequences of the public health and social distancing interventions we’re seeing all around the world,” Verner says.

Scholars have known that the varying use of “nonpharmaceutical interventions,” or social-distancing measures, correlated to varying health outcomes across cities in 1918 and 1919. When that pandemic hit, U.S. cities that shut down schools earlier, such as St. Louis, fared better against the flu than places implementing shutdowns later, such as Philadelphia. The current study extends that framework to economic activity.

Quite a bit like today, social distancing measures back then included school and theater closures, bans on public gatherings, and restricted business activity.

“The nonpharmaceutical interventions that were implemented in 1918 interestingly resemble many of the policies that are being used today to reduce the spread of Covid-19,” Verner says.

Overall, the study indicates, the economic impact of the pandemic was severe. Using state-level data, the researchers find an 18 percent drop in manufacturing output through 1923, well after the last wave of the flu hit in 1919.

Looking at the effect across 43 cities, however, the researchers found significantly different economic outcomes, linked to different social distancing policies. The best-performing cities included Oakland, California; Omaha, Nebraska; Portland, Oregon; and Seattle, which all enforced over 120 days of social distancing in 1918. Cities that instituted fewer than 60 days of social distancing in 1918, and saw manufacturing struggle afterward, include Philadelphia; St. Paul, Minnesota; and Lowell, Massachusetts.

“What we find is that areas that were more severely affected in the 1918 flu pandemic see a sharp and persistent decline in a number of measures of economic activity, including manufacturing employment, manufacturing output, bank loans, and the stock of consumer durables,” Verner says.

Banking issues

As far as banking goes, the study included banking write-downs as an indicator of economic health, because “banks were recognizing losses from loans that households and businesses were defaulting on, due to the economic disruption caused by the pandemic,” Verner says.

The researchers found that in Albany, New York; Birmingham, Alabama; Boston; and Syracuse, New York — all of which also had fewer than 60 days of social distancing in 1918 — the banking sector struggled more than anywhere else in the country.

As the authors note in the paper, the economic struggles that followed the 1918-1919 flu pandemic reduced the ability of firms to manufacture goods — but the reduction in employment meant that people had less purchasing power as well.

“The evidence that we have in our paper … suggests that the pandemic creates both a supply-side problem and a demand-side problem,” Verner notes.

As Verner readily acknowledges, the composition of the U.S. economy has evolved since 1918-1919, with relatively less manufacturing today and relatively more activity in services. The 1918-1919 pandemic was also especially deadly for prime working-age adults, making its economic impact particularly severe. Still, the economists think the dynamics of the previous pandemic are readily applicable to our ongoing crisis.

“The structure of the economy is of course different,” Verner notes. However, he adds, “While one shouldn’t extrapolate too directly from history, we can learn some of the lessons that may be relevant to us today.” First among those lessons, he emphasizes: “Pandemic economics are different than normal economics.”

Faiz Qureshi, a well-known personality of film and fashion industry, he is known for organized international fashion shows and Beauty pageants, He is a producer Casting director of Bollywood also founder and CEO of Reddwings production”, his production house is a well known international fashion show and film production

27 years Faiz Qureshi born in Meerut Uttar Pradesh Did 12th complete from guru Tegh bahadur public school Meerut, and complete graduation from graphic era university Dehradun, he belongs to well set higher Business family his father is top leather businessman, Faiz Qureshi is run his own company Reddwings productions and with that, he is producer casting director and writer he launched lots of new face on television and Bollywood film industry 

He started his career as a model and he was done Print shoot calendar shoot. and he won the title of Mr. Uttarakhand in 2014.

In 2015 he was playing as an actor Lead role in short film  DEFINING LOVE which was made for Film festival, after that he was done an International video album song CAN I SHARE as a model. in 2016,’ he starts work with magnet production as a Director/organiser and organized Mrs. India globe international beauty pageant for married women and Mr and Miss India globe international Beauty pageant. 

He was Cast and produced Video album song GIRLFRIEND singer Vikrant Dhaka featuring Ekta rai in 2017. he started His company in 2018 Reddwings productions In 2019, Faiz Qureshi casting Punjabi video album song OK REPORT singer Virinder Singh featuring Mahima hora which was released on all music television channels, In 2019 he was done Bollywood movie Mehak Sugand as a Casting Director. Faiz Qureshi company Reddwings production organized fashion and talent show for married women in Dubai UAE in 2019. which was telecast on star plus Dubai UAE, Faiz Qureshi did 20 plus Fashion show and beauty contest as an organiser and judge 150 plus show as a celebrity judge..he was done lots of E-commerce shoots for brands as a casting director, still, Faiz Qureshi cast going on for 2 web series 1 bollywood feature film and tvc adds. he was done album song as a casting director “ Sajna tere bina , with Bollywood singer mohd danish. 

Now Faiz Qureshi going to shoot as a producer 2 song Catwalk & Habibi with Bollywood singer Mohd danish again in the month of May, also Faiz Qureshi produced New web series Greed shooting start in the month of June at Delhi and Jaipur casting is totally complete. 

We wish all the best to Faiz Qureshi for his upcoming projects, and we also wish he bring happiness to young models and actors life with his Reddwings productions